Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the Middle East and the fifth largest in Asia, covering an area of 21,50,000 km2. Officially called the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, it is helmed in by the Red Sea to the West and the Persian Gulf to the East, making it the only country to meet both coastlines. It shares its borders with Jordan, Iraq, Yemen, Bahrain, UAE, and Kuwait. The country has a population of 3.7 crores, about 0.46% of the world population.
Saudi Arabia experiences sunshine throughout the year. But its temperature varies greatly from region to region. While the average temperature in winter in Riyadh is 12°C, it goes up to 23°C in Jeddah. In summer, temperatures may go as high as 44°C. Saudi Arabia is known for its arid climate withlimited rainfall. The southwestern region of Saudi Arabia, particularly the Asir Province, tends to receive more rainfall compared to other parts of the country.
| Summer | Winter | |
| Central | 27°C to 43°C | 8°C to 20°C |
| Coastal | 27°C to 38°C | 19°C to 29°C |
Saudi Riyal (SAR) is the currency of Saudi Arabia. It has remain unchanged since the day of establishment.
1 SAR = 22.13 INR
1 EUR = 4.12 SAR
1 USD = 3.75 SAR
You will recieve coins in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 halalas, and 1 and 2 riyals. There are notes of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 riyals.
Riyadh is the official capital and the largest city of Saudi Arabia. Situated in the heart of the Arabian Peninsula, it plays a crucial role in shaping the nation's political, economic, and cultural landscape. From the historically significant Masmak Fort to the cutting-edge Kingdom Centre, Riyadh's skyline is dotted with a blend of modern and traditional infrastructure. The capital is the political throne of KSA, where governmental institutions and royal palaces are located. The King's official residence, known as the Al-Yamamah Palace, is a prominent landmark in Riyadh. The city has experienced rapid modernization, with a well-developed infrastructure that includes an extensive road network, modern public transportation, and state-of-the-art facilities. One can reach here by flight at King Khalid International Airport. Some of the other major cities of KSA are Jeddah, Mecca, Dammam, and Medina.
The official language of Saudi Arabia is Arabic. English is the second most widely spoken language in the region. Most of the locals are familiar with English. The road signs and restaurant names are written in both Arabic and English, making it easier for foreigners.
Islam is the dominant and official religion of Saudi Arabia. It is the birthplace of Islam, and hence, the culture of KSA is deeply rooted in Islamic traditions. Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr are some of the prominent festivals in KSA. Families gather, traditional dishes are shared, and communities come together in a spirit of devotion and festivity. The country has strict social and moral codes, and adherence to Islamic law is an elementary aspect of daily life.
In Saudi Arabia, there is a conservative dress code that aligns with Islamic principles and local cultural norms. Men typically wear a traditional white robe called a thobe. Thobes are ankle-length and loose-fitting. Women are required to dress modestly in public. The traditional black cloak known as an abaya is commonly worn, covering the entire body. Some women may also wear a face veil, known as a niqab or a hijab, to cover their hair. Tourists can skip these traditional Arabic clothes, but they must wear decent and modest clothes.
Saudi Arabia was open to only religious or work tourists. But, in 2019, the kingdom took a step forward and introduced a Saudi tourist visa. Under its Vision 2030, Saudi Arabia has been diversifying its potential economically. The country hosts several entertainment shows, sporting tournaments, and cultural events. From colossal projects Amaala to the unique vertical city of The Line Neom, KSA is setting a new benchmark. Saudi Vision 2030 has three main pillars: a vibrant society, a thriving economy, and an ambitious nation. The country is focussing on growing its sources of income and relying less on the oil reserves.
